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The two-range electric neuroadaptive stimulator (DENAS) was designed as a result of clinical trials and pilot tests in clinics of Moscow and Ekaterinburg. Modified specifications of the apparatus allow improvement of the efficiency of the result and elongation of the after-effect of treatment. The apparatus can be applied to both zones and points of acupressure with the help of a portable coaxial electrode which results in potentiation of self-regulating reactions of the human body.
The new technological development of the corporation differs advantageously from its prototype by not only the design and ergonomic properties but its main difference is in improved parameters of the electric signal which copies to the maximum the endogenous neuron-like pulse with domination of the informational component which allows an increase in the effect of anti-stress reactions of training and activation.
The apparatus principle of operations allows the diagnostics of the most efficient treatment zones, the apparatus is capable of helping each patient, at each disease, at each specific time interval (the duration of treatment is regulated as required by the human body). Due to the fact that each subsequent pulse provides a different effect as compared to the previous one, the non-dependence of the body on the operation of the apparatus is practically ensured.
The apparatus influences positively on all mechanisms of the pathogenesis of distresses, ensures positive results at treating numerous diseases and syndromes without using drugs or reducing their amount significantly. The direct affect of physical and mechanical factors which possess a large reserve of kinetic enetgy of the heat (burns), chemical (burns) and allergic nature damaging the skin is eliminated. The general sanogenetic response of the body in three inter-related and inter-dependent regulatory systems of the human body - nervous, endocrine and immune -responsible for homeostasis and adaptation is modulated.
During application of the short-pulse high-amplitude non-invasive stimulation of skin exteroreceptors a local reaction takes place, the flow of pulses via somatic and vegetative afferents (ascending nervous tracts) goes to spinal chord segments (segment reaction) and to the segments of the central nervous system (trunk, limbic reticular structures, hypothalamus, cortex of cerebrum). The general reaction is initiated. Due to the principle of somatotropy and viscerotopy in innervation of inner organs and surface of the body stimulation of skin zones (points) located within the given metamer or cerebrospinal segment, of trigger zones causes, first of all, reflex effects in organs of innervation and system reactions triggered from the given zone of treatment.
Responses of the human body are based on complex nerve (axon-reflex, restoration of spinal-bulbar-thalamic and corticosub-cortical control; the important role in realization of integrated effects is given to periaqueductal grey substance, dorsal raphe nuclei, hypothalamic nuclei medialis, parafascicular complex of thalamus), neurohormonal and neurohumoral (transfer of optimized information by changing integrative continuum of neuropeptides, hormones and neurotransmitters in the biological continuum (table 1), also immune (table 2) mechanisms (Kassil G.K., 1975; Vograiik V.G., Vogralik M.V., 1978; Tykochinskaya E.D., 1979; Ignatov Yu.D., 1990; Garkavi LKh. and others, 1997;Chebkasov SA, Bereshpolova Yu.l., 2001).
As the result of stimulation by the thoroughly selected information-energy electric pulse of certain skin zones following a certain technique it became possible to achieve the efficient recovering result at the level of the functional element of the tissue of any organ of the body just due to stabilization of the afferent flow of information and creation of the sanogenetic dominant (Ukhtomsky A.A., 1966). Preservation of the therapeutically created dominant for a long time results in liquidation of non-physiological diffused waves of excitation from stimuli of different modalities.
Table 1
Neuropeptides, hormones, neurotransmitters
(Voigt K., Fehm H., 1990)
| Peptides found in nerve tissue and probably produced therein |
Pituitary hormones:
POMK-peptides(ACTH,
melanocyte stimulating hormone,
ß-endorphine)
Growth hormone
Prolactin
Hypothalamic peptides:
Vasopressin
Oxytocin
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
Corticotropin-releasing hormone
Somatotropin-releasing hormone
Somastatin
Proenkephalin B-peptide
Intestinal peptides:
Neurotensin
Proenkephalin A-peptide
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Vasoactive intestinal peptide
Cholecystokinin-octapeptide
Substance P
Bombesin
Insulin
Glucagon
Pancreatic polypeptide
Neuropeptide Y
Secretin
Offers:
Arterial sodium urethic peptide
Bradykinin
Angiotensin II
Carnosine, homocarnosine
Soporific peptide
Calcitonin-gene-peptide
|
| Hormones produced by endocrine cells |
Pituitary body:
Growth hormone
POMK-peptide
Prolactin
Thyroid-stimulating hormone
Luteinizing hormone
Follicle-stimulating hormone
|
Endocrine glands:
Hormones of thyroid gland
(ТЗ, Т4)
Glucocorticoids
Mineralocorticoids
Estrogens, gestagens
Androgens
|
| Neurotransmitters produced by central periphery neurons |
Acetylcholine
Adrenaline
Noradrenaline
Y-gamma aminobutyric
acid (GABA)
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Serotonin
Dopamine
Glycine
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Table 2 Systems of Immune Protection (Kerekjarto M., 1970)
| Immune protection |
Humoral protection |
Cell protection |
| Nonspecific |
Complement system
Properdin
Lyzocyme
Interferon
Lymphokines
Monokines
|
Granulocytes Macrophages NK-cells T-lymphocytes |
| Specific |
Immunoglobulins IgG, IgA, IgM, IgD, IgE |
T-helpers T-supressors T-killers
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A functional element of the tissue is the ordered structural and functional microsystem which represents a set of nervous fibers with receptors; cell parenchymas; arterioles, precapillaries, capillaries, postcapillaries, venules, lymph capillaries, arteriolovenular anastomosises; connective tissue (A.M. Chernukh). These just functional elements of the tissue become final participants and "sufferers" in general damaging reactions and protecting compensatory processes.
With the help of resistive and capacitive vessels, arteriovenous shunts and reserve capillaries functional elements of the tissue regulate the system and regional hemodynamics, transcapillary exchange of oxygen, carbon dioxide and products of metabolism which ensures the energy sufficiency of the tissue cell composition and morphological (structural) stability.
Using apparatus DENAS we achieve synchronization of integrative relationship between regulatory systems of the human body (due to local, segmental and general reactions) which results in mobilization of reserve functional elements of the tissue, recovery of the disturbed functional activity and, in some cases, restoration of morphologic integrity.
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